# OPINION: Trust in Freefall — Is Reliable Information Still Possible in 2026?

> The Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism released its Digital News Report 2026 on June 16, 2026, and the verdict is unsparing: global trust in news has fallen to 37%, its lowest level since the Institute began tracking that figure in 2015. In a single year, trust dropped by another 3 percentage points. In 29 of the 48 markets studied, the decline is significant. In 19

- Author: Maxime Marquette
- Publisher: MadMax (https://mad-max.co)
- Section: Note
- Published: 2026-06-27
- Canonical URL: https://mad-max.co/en/article/billet-confiance-en-berne-medias-en-crise-l-information-est-elle-encore-possible

## Key takeaways

- Global trust in news fell to 37%, the lowest since 2015, with a further 3-point drop in a year; the US stands at 25% and Hungary at 17%.
- For the first time, social media and video platforms overtook news websites as the main online access route (54% versus 51%), yet trust in news on social media is only 22%.
- The author blames a deliberate political assault on the press, engagement-driven algorithms, and deepfakes; concern about fake news rose to 62%.
- Trust in individual established brands holds up better than trust in the wider ecosystem, and 42% of respondents now avoid news.
- Recommended responses include enforcing existing EU regulation, funding journalism and media literacy, and treating disinformation as a security threat.

## Introduction: The Silent Wreck of Truth

### A number that stings: 37%

The **Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism** released its **Digital News Report 2026** on **June 16, 2026**, and the verdict is unsparing: global **trust in news** has fallen to **37%**, its lowest level since the Institute began tracking that figure in **2015**. In a single year, trust dropped by another **3 percentage points**. In **29 of the 48 markets** studied, the decline is significant. In **19 markets**, it exceeds **5 percentage points**. These are not abstract statistics — they are the x-ray of a **democracy losing faith in its own eyes**.

In the **United States**, only **25% of citizens** say they trust news most of the time — a drop of **5 points** in a single year. In **Hungary**, that rate hits the abysmal floor of **17%**, followed by **Greece** at **18%**. These are not anomalies — they are alarm signals. The **West**, so proud of its free and pluralistic press, is watching its own **information institutions disintegrate in real time**.

### The platform era takes over

For the first time in the history of this survey, **social media and video platforms** have overtaken traditional news websites as the primary way people access news online. **54% of respondents** now use third-party platforms — **Facebook, TikTok, YouTube, Instagram** — to keep up with current events, compared to **51%** who still go directly to news sites. Add **AI chatbots** and the total for third-party sources rises to **56%**. The press has lost the distribution battle. And it never even saw the defeat coming.

The paradox is brutal and well-documented: the platforms that have seized power are the ones people trust the **least**. Trust in news on **social media** stands at just **22%**. Trust in **AI chatbots** falls to **20%**. Consumers are migrating en masse to sources they themselves judge unreliable. This paradoxical pattern — convenience overriding credibility — may be the **most dangerous trend of our time**.

*I am not nostalgic for some golden age of journalism that never quite existed as we imagine it. But there is something deeply troubling about this collective flight toward spaces we know to be unreliable. It is as if society has collectively decided to feed on informational junk food while knowing perfectly well that it makes us sick. The question is no longer whether quality information exists — it does. The question is whether we are still capable of going to look for it.*

## The Doubt Machine: How We Got Here

### The systematic political assault on media

The Reuters report does not mince words: **distrust of the media** is partly the product of a **deliberate political assault**. Populist leaders across every continent have made discrediting the press an electorally profitable strategy. The term **"fake news"** — ironically popularized by **Donald Trump** — has been appropriated by demagogues of every stripe to immunize their supporters against inconvenient information. The result is a **population fragmented** into sealed informational bubbles, where everyone selects their "facts" the way they pick a brand of yogurt.

The report notes that the decline in trust is **difficult to disentangle** from a broader erosion of confidence in governments, fueled by **political instability**, polarizing elections, and the rise of **far-right populist movements**. The press suffers a contagion effect: when institutions lose their legitimacy, the media covering them share in their discredit. It is a destructive mechanism that benefits those who have an interest in informational chaos — and its primary victims are citizens themselves.

### The algorithm as the arbiter of information

The **recommendation algorithms** of **YouTube, TikTok** and **Meta** are not neutral. They optimize for **engagement** — time spent, clicks, reactions — not for **accuracy** or **civic relevance**. The result: emotionally charged, polarizing, simplistic content gets more visibility than a carefully nuanced in-depth piece. The **independent content creators** — those influencers who now reach **27% of the global audience** according to Reuters — are often valued for their style and accessibility, not for journalistic rigor. The attention market has its own rules, and they do not favor democracy.

The **European Commission** attempted to push back by forcing **Meta to open WhatsApp to competing AI chatbots**, an interim measure issued as part of an inquiry opened in **December 2025**. Meta called the decision **"regulatory overreach"** and announced an appeal. Meanwhile, **Anthropic** was forced to suspend its advanced models **Fable and Mythos** after an **export ban** imposed by the Trump administration. Regulation is chasing technological reality — and falling further behind.

*I look at these numbers and wonder whether we are living through something irreversible. Not the end of journalism — the best newsrooms continue to produce remarkable work. But perhaps the end of the idea that society is still listening. If 37% trust is the figure for 2026, what will it be in 2030? At some point, a democracy can no longer function without a minimum shared floor of reality.*

## Deepfakes and AI: When the Image Itself Betrays

### Synthetic reality as an instrument of information warfare

The **spread of deepfakes** marks a qualitative rupture in the information crisis. We are no longer talking only about **false texts** or **manipulated contexts** — we are talking about **fabricated images, videos and audio** that reproduce reality with perfect fidelity. Heads of state who never gave those speeches. Generals who never issued those orders. Civilians who never said those words. **Fact-checking** — already expensive and laborious — now faces an adversary that manufactures falsehoods industrially, at a speed and scale that **newsrooms** cannot match alone.

Concerns about **fake news** are up **4 percentage points** to reach **62%** on a global average according to the Reuters 2026 report, with jumps of more than **5 points** in **11 markets**. A clear majority of respondents admit they no longer know with certainty what is true. This uncertainty is not trivial — it is precisely what **malicious actors** seek to produce, whether they are state actors like **Russia or China**, or simply profit-driven entrepreneurs in the disinformation business.

### AI chatbots: the new interface for unverified information

**10% of internet users** now use **AI chatbots** such as **ChatGPT** or similar models to stay informed — a figure that rises among **those under 35**. Yet trust in those responses stands at only **20% globally**. In concrete terms: people are using tools they do not trust to inform themselves on subjects that determine their political choices. This paradox illustrates the scale of contemporary **informational disorientation**. AI does not always invent — but it hallucinates, it oversimplifies, it presents its approximations with a confidence that can mislead.

Researchers at **Amazon** identified in June 2026 a **"jailbreak"** enabling circumvention of certain models' safeguards to expose **software security vulnerabilities**. This incident illustrates the fragility of control systems in a sector deploying at dizzying speed. Meanwhile, the **European Commission** is pushing its **Cloud and AI Development Act** to triple **data center** capacity in Europe — an infrastructure response to a challenge that is fundamentally **democratic and editorial**.

*What strikes me is that nobody wanted this world. Not journalists, not citizens, not even platform engineers — at least not consciously. We optimized for engagement, we built audiences, we ran algorithms, and we ended up with an infosphere where lies go viral faster than the truth. This is the result of a multitude of individually rational short-term decisions producing a collective long-term disaster.*

## The Press Facing Itself: Between Adaptation and Capitulation

### What still holds: trust in individual news brands

Not everything in the Reuters report is dark. One counter-intuitive finding deserves attention: while trust in "the media" overall is collapsing, trust in **established individual news brands** holds up considerably better. People trust their habitual newspapers and broadcasters — what is collapsing is trust in the broader **informational ecosystem**, which includes platforms, influencers and viral rumors. This is a crucial distinction that defenders of professional journalism must learn to articulate clearly.

Moreover, **45% of respondents** still prefer media that **does not take sides**, compared to only **22%** who want partisan media. The demand for **impartiality** remains strong — far stronger than the opinion market would have us believe. **Public-service media** still command a broadly positive view: **37% of respondents** say they have a "very" or "fairly" positive effect on their society. That is no small thing. It is a solid foundation — if it is defended.

### News avoidance: a symptom, not a solution

The rate of **news avoidance** reached **42% in 2026**, up **2%** from **2025**. People are checking out. They no longer want to hear about the war in **Ukraine**, about **climate change**, about the rise of **authoritarianism**. Anxiety, disengagement and cynicism — what the Reuters report describes as the trinity of contemporary information dysfunction — are producing a less-informed civilian population, and therefore a more manipulation-vulnerable one. This is precisely what **Putin, Beijing, Tehran** and their allies want to see happen in **the West**.

Interest in news has fallen by **13 percentage points** across covered markets between **2021 and 2026**, and by **9 points** in Europe. This structural disaffection does not mean people have become apathetic — it means that **editorial models** have failed to maintain the connection between information and citizens' real lives. The fracture between the **journalistic class** and the rest of society — its fears, its economic precarity, its concrete aspirations — is a deep structural problem that no algorithm will fix.

*Forty-two percent of the population actively avoiding information. This is more than a fatigue signal — it is a crisis of representation. These people are not rejecting reality; they are rejecting a certain way of presenting it. The question every newsroom must ask itself is not "how do we monetize our content?" but "why do our readers feel we are not talking about them?"*

## What the West Must Do — and Quickly

### Regulation as a minimum floor, not a ceiling

The **European Union** has produced the **Digital Services Act**, the **Digital Markets Act**, the **Media Freedom Act**. These instruments exist. What is missing is their **consistent and forceful application** against platforms that play for time, file appeals, and buy delay. The **European Commission** dared to push Meta on WhatsApp — that is a start. But regulation alone will not rebuild trust. It can set fair rules of the game; it cannot recreate the **culture of verification** our societies are losing.

States that still care about their informational sovereignty must invest massively in **media literacy education**, in the **public funding of investigative journalism**, and in **digital infrastructures independent of American or Chinese private actors**. This is a democratic investment, not a cultural expense. A citizen unable to distinguish verified information from algorithmic noise is a citizen whose vote can be captured. And the enemies of democracy have understood this perfectly.

### The irreplaceable role of journalists — despite everything

Professional journalism remains the only sector whose **business model rests on verification**. Content creators, however popular and sincere, have no **binding editorial standards**, no source protection, no institutionalized ethics code. Investigative journalism, war reporting, systematic **fact-checking** — these are costly practices requiring organizational structures. Those structures still exist. They are fragile, underfunded, battered. But they exist.

The **resilience of free information** depends largely on the ability of Western democracies to protect those structures — not out of nostalgia or professional self-interest, but because independent journalism is a **public good** as important as the military or the health system. Without investigative journalism, there are no **exposed scandals**, no **accountability for power**, no **informed citizens**. And without informed citizens, the **free West** we claim to defend is nothing more than a facade.

*I am aware that this opinion piece could look like corporate special pleading from a journalist on behalf of journalism. That is not entirely wrong. But I genuinely believe the question goes beyond the fate of my profession. What is at stake is the capacity of our societies to govern themselves in an informed way. And on that count, the numbers in the Reuters 2026 report are an alarm we cannot afford to ignore.*

## The Particular Case of AI in News

### A tool rewriting the rules of editorial work

**Artificial intelligence** is transforming news production at a pace few institutions had anticipated. **Automatically generated articles** on financial results, weather updates, sports summaries — all of that has existed for years. What is new is the ability of **language models** to produce **persuasive, fluent, indistinguishable-from-human** content in seconds, at near-zero cost. **Industrial disinformation** is now accessible to actors who previously lacked the resources to produce it.

For newsrooms that use it responsibly, **AI can be a valuable productivity tool** — automated translation, document summarization, archive research assistance. The problem is not the tool itself but its **deployment without safeguards**. Models like **Anthropic's Fable and Mythos**, suspended after the American export ban of June 2026, illustrate the volatility of a sector where rules change faster than practices. **Europe**, with its **AI Act**, is attempting to impose a framework — but between rule adoption and effective enforcement lies a time gap in which a great deal of damage can occur.

### AI in the hands of authoritarian regimes

What is happening in democracies with AI is only a toned-down version of what is happening in **authoritarian regimes**. **Putin's Russia**, **Xi's China**, **Iran's clerical regime** and their allies are using **generative AI** to run disinformation campaigns at industrial scale — **fake identities**, **fake accounts**, **fake experts**, **fake testimonials** — targeting Western public opinion with surgical precision. These influence operations are documented by intelligence agencies, cybersecurity researchers, and the platforms themselves — and yet they continue, because **the cost of attack is minimal** while the cost of defense is enormous.

The **West** must treat the **information war** for what it is: a **first-tier security threat**, as serious as conventional military threats. **Informational resilience budgets** must be aligned with this reality. Training journalists, funding **fact-checking**, educating citizens in critical thinking, developing **deepfake detection tools** — all of this is **national defense**, as surely as buying tanks or missiles.

*Every time I raise Russian or Chinese disinformation with colleagues, some roll their eyes and say I am exaggerating. I do not think so. Elections can be influenced by foreign disinformation operations — this is not a conspiracy theory, it is what the official reports of Western governments have been saying since 2016. What we have not yet done, collectively, is draw the institutional and financial consequences that this reality demands.*

## What Citizens Can Still Do

### Taking back control of one's information diet

Faced with the platformization of news and the collapse of trust, citizens are not entirely powerless. The Reuters report shows that those who **subscribe directly to news outlets** and who **access primary sources** rather than aggregators have significantly stronger information habits. This is not a universal solution — it requires economic and cultural resources that not everyone has. But it illustrates that **individual choice** in news consumption carries real weight.

**Public-service media** — despite their imperfections — remain a safeguard whose value is only fully measured when we risk losing them. In countries where they have been weakened or politicized, trust in information has collapsed even faster. Keeping them **independent, rigorous and accessible** is not doing journalists a favor: it is a democratic necessity. And the **45% of citizens** worldwide who still prefer impartial media deserve people who will fight for them.

### The demand for truth still exists — it needs to be met

The Reuters report ends on a note of cautious hope: despite all the dysfunction, there is **"an openness to new sources and new formats"** and **"a belief in what news can offer at its best."** That sentence, discreet in the report, is in fact fundamental. It says that citizens have not given up on the idea of truth — they have given up on certain specific outlets that no longer seem to serve it. That is a crucial distinction, and it is an opportunity that serious journalism can seize.

**New narrative forms** — **solutions journalism**, **expert newsletters**, **in-depth podcasts**, **interactive documentaries** — are reaching audiences who had abandoned traditional media. These formats will not replace an entire healthy media ecosystem, but they prove that the demand for quality information exists and can be met in new ways. The challenge is to build viable economic models around that demand — and to stop sacrificing everything to the algorithm of instant engagement.

*I finish this opinion piece with a conviction I try not to let waver: free information is a condition of freedom itself. Not a sufficient condition — freedom has other pillars. But a necessary one. A people that can no longer tell the true from the false is a people that can no longer govern itself. And that is precisely what those who are hostile to us want. So yes, the Reuters report numbers are frightening. But above all, they must move us to act.*

## The Battle for Trust: Concrete and Urgent Steps

### Funding journalism as a public good

The examples of **Finland**, **Sweden** and **Denmark** show that it is possible to maintain **strong public-service media** without stifling independent journalism. These countries combine **reformed broadcast levies**, **local journalism tax credits** and **press subsidies tied to strict editorial criteria** — **editorial independence**, **source verification**, **public correction of errors**. These models are not perfect, but they prove that **calibrated public intervention** can support the information ecosystem without nationalizing or politicizing it. **Southern and Eastern Europe**, where the press is more fragile and trust is lower, urgently need this kind of structured investment.

**Philanthropic foundations** are also playing a growing role — the **Knight Foundation**, the **Open Society Foundations**, and their European counterparts fund **fact-checking**, **investigative journalism** and **media literacy** initiatives that would not exist without this support. The real risk is that this philanthropization of journalism creates new dependencies and new biases. But in the current emergency, while waiting for **sustainable business models**, this diversification of funding is preferable to the outright disappearance of independent newsrooms. The **Reuters 2026 report** notes that in markets where public and philanthropic funding is most developed, trust indicators hold up better.

### Media literacy as democratic infrastructure

**Finland** has taught **media skills** since primary school — the result: it is one of the countries with the highest rate of trust in media in **Europe**, at **54%** according to the **Reuters Institute**. This is not a coincidence. A citizen who understands how a **newsroom** works, who knows the difference between an **editorial** and a **factual report**, who has learned to verify a source, is infinitely less vulnerable to **disinformation**. **Media literacy** is not an optional subject — it is a civic skill as foundational as reading and arithmetic.

Initiatives such as **"Edu-Médias"** in **France**, the **Reuters Institute**'s own programs, or the trainings developed by the **European Union** under its democracy action plan show that the political will exists in some places. But **resources remain insufficient** relative to the scale of the challenge. In a world where **62% of citizens** say they are worried about **fake news**, investing heavily in the capacity to detect and challenge it is as obvious as it is urgent. This is the **civil defense** of the informational age.

*I am convinced that media literacy is the best investment our democracies can make to defend themselves against disinformation. Not the most spectacular, not the most immediate in its effects — but the most durable. Training a generation of citizens capable of telling the true from the false, of questioning a source, of resisting emotional virality: that is building a collective immunity that neither algorithms nor malicious actors can easily destroy. Finland understood this. The rest of Europe should follow — quickly.*

## Conclusion: Rebuild or Disappear

### The hour of structural decisions

The data from the **Reuters Institute Digital News Report 2026** leaves no ambiguity: the **Western information ecosystem** is in structural crisis, not a mere cyclical rough patch. **37% trust**, **42% avoidance**, **54% consuming through unverified platforms** — these are not weak signals. They are findings that call for **political, economic and cultural responses** commensurate with the stakes. The question is no longer whether information is in crisis — it is. The question is whether our democracies still have the will to defend it.

The **West** spends billions on its **military defense**, and rightly so, given the threats posed by **Russia**, **China**, **Iran** and their proxies. But a well-armed military is not enough to protect a democracy whose citizens have lost the capacity to stay informed. The **information war** is the war of our time — and it is won or lost long before any battlefield. It is time for our governments to understand this and act accordingly.

### Hope as a duty

Journalism survived the invention of radio, then television, then the internet. It will survive AI and the platforms too — provided it accepts the need to reinvent itself without sacrificing its essence: **the demand for truth**. Newsrooms that are still standing have made that choice. Citizens who continue to **subscribe, verify and seek out information actively** are making that choice too. It is not a trivial act in the world of **2026** — it is an **act of democratic resistance**.

The battle for information is also the battle for democracy itself. And that battle, despite what the numbers might suggest, is not lost. Not yet. But the coming years will be decisive — for media outlets, for regulators, for citizens, and for **the West** as a whole.

*Rebuilding trust in information is not a task for journalists alone. It is a societal project, as collective and as urgent as the response to climate change or the Russian military threat. We have the tools, we have the institutions, we still have citizens who believe in truth. What is missing is the political conviction that this deserves real investment. Let us find it — quickly.*

**By Maxime Marquette, columnist**

## Columnist's transparency note

### Editorial stance

I am not a journalist but a **columnist and analyst**. My expertise lies in observing and analysing the geopolitical, economic and strategic dynamics that shape our world. My work is to take political strategies apart, to understand global economic movements, to put the decisions of international actors in context and to offer analytical perspectives on the changes that are redefining our societies.

I do not claim the cold objectivity of traditional journalism, which stops at reporting facts. **I claim analytical clarity**, rigorous interpretation and a deep understanding of the complex issues that concern us all. My role is to give meaning to the facts, to place them in their historical and strategic context, and to offer a critical reading of events.

### Method and sources

This text keeps the basic distinction between **verified facts and interpretive analysis**. The rule never changes: a factual claim is published only when a verifiable source supports it, and the sources this article actually used are listed under **Sources**, never here.

**Primary source families** used by the publication, when the story has them: official statements from governments and international institutions, public statements by political leaders, reports from intergovernmental organisations, dispatches from recognised international news agencies.

**Secondary source families**: specialised publications, internationally recognised news media, analyses from established research institutions, reports from industry organisations.

When an article cites statistical, economic or geopolitical data, it comes from the institutions that produce it (intergovernmental organisations, central banks, national statistics offices), and the exact institution is named under **Sources**.

### Nature of the analysis

The analyses, interpretations and perspectives in the analytical sections of this article are a **critical, contextual synthesis** based on the information available, the trends observed and the expert comments cited in the sources consulted.

My role is to interpret these facts, to set them in the context of today's geopolitical and economic dynamics, and to give them a coherent meaning within the larger story of the changes shaping our time. These analyses reflect expertise built through continuous observation of international affairs and an understanding of the strategic mechanisms that drive global actors.

This article describes a documented state of affairs on its publication date, not a prediction: later developments may shift its outlook. No update is promised in advance; when an article is corrected or completed, the change is dated in the text.

## Sources

### Primary sources

- [Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism — Digital News Report 2026, Executive Summary — June 16, 2026](https://reutersinstitute.politics.ox.ac.uk/digital-news-report/2026/dnr-executive-summary)

- [IIC (International Institute of Communications) — Regulatory Watch June 2026 — June 23, 2026](https://www.iicom.org/feature/regulatory-watch-june-2026/)

- [European Central Bank — Economic Bulletin No. 4, 2026 — June 25, 2026](https://www.ecb.europa.eu/press/economic-bulletin/html/eb202604.en.html)

### Secondary sources

- [Chris Martin FYI — 10 Insights From the Reuters Institute Digital News Report 2026 — June 18, 2026](https://www.chrismartin.fyi/p/10-insights-from-the-reuters-institute)

- [European Federation of Journalists — Digital News Report 2026: navigating a continued trust crisis — June 26, 2026](https://europeanjournalists.org/blog/2026/06/26/2025-digital-news-report-navigating-journalism-amid-a-continued-crisis-of-trust/)

- [iMEdD Lab — Reuters Institute: Trust in news is at a record low — June 16, 2026](https://lab.imedd.org/en/reuters-institute-trust-in-news-is-at-a-record-low-with-access-dominated-by-platforms/)

- [International Federation of Journalists — Reuters Digital News Report 2026, key takeaways — June 18, 2026](https://www.ifj.org/media-centre/news/detail/category/ai/article/reuters-digital-news-report-2026-key-takeaways-for-newsrooms-and-journalists-unions)

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Source: Maxime Marquette, MadMax. When citing, name the author and link https://mad-max.co/en/article/billet-confiance-en-berne-medias-en-crise-l-information-est-elle-encore-possible